″I will not cut, even for the stone″: origins of urology in the Hippocratic Collection.

Fasting and urinary stones

Introduction: Fasting is considered as one of the most important practices of Islam, and according to Prophet Mohammad, fasting is obligatory upon Muslims. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of fasting on urinary stones. Materials and Methods:Very few studies have been carried out on urinary stones and the effect of Ramadan fasting. The sources of the present study are Medline and...

Rare case of drug packing through urethra into the bladder with consequent bladder stone formation

Foreign bodies in the bladder are uncommon. Because of limiting diameter of urethra, stuffing and packing drugs into the bladder is even rarer. We introduce a case of self-insertion of drugs into urethra and further into the bladder which stayed there for 2 years due to fear of arrestment during interrogation. Surgical removal of foreign body and stones formed on it was carried out. This confir...

THE EFFECT OF URINE AND BLOOD METABOLIC RISK FACTORS ON CALCIUM STONE FORMATION

In spite of vast improvements in urinary stone treatment (ESWL, PNL, ureteroscopy, etc.), metabolic workup concerning the existence of stone forming risk factors are of great importance and can lead to control and even prevention of urinary stone formation in these patients. In this analytical case-control study performed on 266 persons [110 normal persons (56 males and 54 females), 76 pat...

Stone Composition in Patients Who Undergo Renal Stone Surgery: Review of 423 Stone Analyses in Southern Iran

The art of medicine. medical teaching at the University of Paris, 1250–1400

Any good general history of medieval medicine will tell the reader briefly about a collection of short medical texts later known as the Articella, saying that it provided an introduction to medicine and established the authority of Hippocratic and Galenic medicine, and that it became the core of medical teaching in medieval universities. Cornelius O'Boyle explores what it meant at the universit...